Plastic surgery includes many treatments that can refine, repair, or enhance the face and body. Some procedures are cosmetic, which means they are chosen to improve appearance. When plastic surgery helps rebuild form or function after injury, cancer, birth differences, burns, or medical conditions, it is called reconstructive surgery.
People across Canada consider plastic surgery for many personal goals. Some patients want a more refreshed appearance. Some want to restore their body after pregnancy, weight loss, or aging. Some people seek care after trauma, skin cancer, breast cancer, or a congenital concern. Choosing the right procedure depends on anatomy, goals, health, lifestyle, and recovery needs.
This page explains the main types of plastic surgery procedures in Canada, with sections on facial surgery, breast surgery, body contouring, reconstructive surgery, and non-surgical cosmetic treatments. It also reviews what to consider before booking a consultation.
Cosmetic Plastic Surgery vs. Reconstructive Plastic Surgery
Plastic surgery is often divided into two main categories, cosmetic surgery and reconstructive surgery.
Cosmetic Plastic Surgery in Canada
The main focus of cosmetic plastic surgery is appearance. These procedures are usually elective, which means they are planned by choice and are not medically required.
Common reasons for cosmetic plastic surgery include:
- Improving facial balance
- Reducing age-related changes
- Improving body shape
- Improving volume changes after weight loss or pregnancy
- Addressing concerns with the nose, eyelids, ears, lips, breasts, abdomen, arms, or thighs
- Helping clothing fit better
- Improving confidence in a natural-looking way
Most cosmetic surgery procedures in Canada are private-pay services. Fees can vary based on the procedure, surgeon, facility, anesthesia, follow-up care, and location.
What Is Reconstructive Plastic Surgery?
Reconstructive plastic surgery is focused on restoring form and function. It may be needed after cancer surgery, trauma, burns, infections, birth differences, or medical conditions.
Common types of reconstructive surgery include:
- Breast reconstruction following mastectomy
- Skin cancer reconstruction after removal of a tumour
- Cleft lip or palate repair
- Surgical treatment for burn-related changes
- Reconstructive hand surgery
- Scar treatment and revision
- Surgical wound repair
- Surgery for facial trauma repair
- Congenital reconstruction
When reconstructive procedures are medically necessary, some may be covered by a provincial health plan. Cosmetic changes are usually not covered.
Common Facial Plastic Surgery Options
Many facial plastic surgery procedures focus on balance, aging changes, and a refreshed appearance. For many patients, the goal is not to look like another person. Strong results usually look natural, balanced, and personal to the patient.
Facelift Surgery (Rhytidectomy)
A facelift or rhytidectomy can improve loose tissue in the lower face and jawline. This procedure may soften jowls, tighten loose facial skin, and improve deeper folds around the mouth.
A facelift may address:
- Jowls near the jawline
- Lower-face loose skin
- Deeper smile lines
- Descent of cheek tissue
- Loss of definition between the face and neck
Modern facelift surgery often focuses on deeper support layers under the skin. By supporting deeper tissues, the result may look smoother, more natural, and longer-lasting. A facelift can be part of a larger facial rejuvenation plan that includes a neck lift, eyelid surgery, brow lift, or facial fat grafting.
Neck Lift Surgery, Also Called Platysmaplasty
Loose skin, muscle bands, and fullness under the chin may be improved with a neck lift. The clinical term for tightening the neck muscle is platysmaplasty.
Neck lift surgery can help improve:
- Vertical neck bands
- Loose skin on the neck
- A jawline that looks less defined
- A heavy area under the chin
- A neck that looks loose or heavy
Some patients benefit from both skin and muscle tightening. Some patients may only need liposuction under the chin. The face and neck often change at the same time, so facelift and neck lift surgery may be combined.
Eyelid Surgery, Also Called Blepharoplasty
Blepharoplasty, commonly called eyelid surgery, can improve tired-looking eyes by removing or adjusting extra eyelid skin, fat, or tissue.
Patients may choose upper eyelid surgery for:
- Heaviness in the upper eyelids
- Excess eyelid skin
- Eyes that look tired or aged
- Extra skin that sits against the eyelashes
- Vision concerns in select medical cases
Lower eyelid surgery may help with:
- Bags under the eyes
- Lower eyelid puffiness
- Loose skin under the eyes
- Dark-looking shadows under the eyes
- A tired appearance that does not improve with sleep
Many patients choose eyelid surgery because small improvements around the eyes can make the whole face look more awake and rested.
Brow Lift Surgery for a Heavy Brow
A brow lift, also known as a forehead lift, raises a low or heavy brow. This can help improve the upper eye area and ease a heavy forehead look.
Brow lift surgery can improve:
- Drooping eyebrows
- A heavy upper eyelid look caused by brow position
- Forehead creases
- Frown lines in the glabella area
- A heavy expression that seems tired or stern
Brow lift surgery and eyelid surgery are not the same procedure. Eyelid surgery treats extra eyelid skin, while a brow lift treats the position of the eyebrows. A consultation can help decide whether eyelid surgery, a brow lift, or both is the better fit.
Cosmetic and Functional Rhinoplasty
The shape, size, or structure of the nose can be changed with rhinoplasty, often called a nose job. It may be cosmetic, functional, or both.
Common rhinoplasty concerns include:
- A bump along the bridge of the nose
- A nasal tip that droops
- A wide or boxy tip
- A crooked nose
- Nose size or projection
- Nose asymmetry
- Nasal breathing concerns linked to anatomy
For patients with breathing concerns, rhinoplasty may include work on the septum, which separates the nostrils. The medical term for septum surgery is septoplasty. A cosmetic rhinoplasty changes appearance, while functional nasal surgery focuses on airflow.
Ear Surgery Procedure (Otoplasty)
Ear surgery, also called otoplasty, changes the shape, position, or size of the ears. This procedure is often used when the ears project away from the head.
Otoplasty may help with:
- Noticeably prominent ears
- Asymmetry between the ears
- Large cartilage folds in the ears
- Ears positioned far from the head
- Earlobe shape concerns
Both adults and children may choose or need otoplasty. For children, the timing depends on ear growth, maturity, and family goals.
Surgical Lip Lift
A lip lift is designed to shorten the space between the upper lip and the nose. This space is called the upper lip length. A lip lift can improve upper lip show without adding dermal filler.
A lip lift may address:
- Upper lip length that looks long
- Reduced tooth show in the upper smile
- A thin upper lip appearance
- Uneven lip balance
- Mouth-area aging changes
A lip lift should not be confused with lip filler. Filler adds volume. A lip lift changes the position and shape of the upper lip.
Chin and Jawline Implant Surgery
Facial implants may improve balance in the chin, cheeks, or jawline. Chin surgery is often used when the chin looks small compared with the nose or other facial features.
Common facial implant procedures include:
- Chin implant surgery
- Cheek implant surgery
- Jawline implants
Chin surgery may be planned with rhinoplasty when the nose and chin both influence profile balance.
Facial Volume Restoration With Fat Grafting
Facial fat transfer restores volume using a patient’s own fat. Fat is usually removed from areas such as the abdomen or thighs, processed, and placed into the face.
Common facial fat grafting concerns include:
- Hollows in the cheeks
- Tear trough hollowing
- Facial volume loss from aging
- Soft tissue thinning
- Facial volume imbalance
Fat grafting can support facial rejuvenation on its own or be combined with facelift surgery, eyelid surgery, or other facial procedures.
Plastic Surgery Procedures for the Breasts
Breast surgery is one of the most common areas of cosmetic and reconstructive plastic surgery in Canada. Patients may want to increase volume, reduce size, lift the breasts, improve symmetry, or restore the breast after cancer surgery.
Breast Enlargement Surgery
Breast size and shape can be increased with breast augmentation using implants or fat transfer. Breast implants may be filled with saline or silicone gel. The right implant option is based on body type, breast tissue, goals, and professional surgical guidance.
Breast augmentation may address:
- Breasts that are naturally small
- Lost breast volume following pregnancy
- Lost breast volume after weight changes
- Asymmetry between the breasts
- Desire for more fullness in clothing
Many people worry about looking too large, obvious, or unnatural after breast augmentation. A natural-looking plan should consider chest width, skin quality, lifestyle, and long-term maintenance.
Mastopexy, or Breast Lift Surgery
Breasts that have dropped can be raised and reshaped with a breast lift, also called mastopexy. It does not primarily add volume. Instead, the goal is to improve breast position and shape.
Patients may consider a breast lift for:
- Breasts that sag
- Nipples that sit low or point down
- Stretched areolas
- Loose skin on the breasts
- Breast shape changes from pregnancy, breastfeeding, or weight loss
For patients who want more fullness, implants may be added to a breast lift. Some patients choose a breast lift without implants for a more natural result.
Breast Reduction for Comfort and Shape
Extra breast tissue, fat, and skin can be removed with breast reduction to create smaller, lighter, more balanced breasts.
Patients may consider breast reduction for:
- Neck strain
- Shoulder discomfort
- Upper back pain
- Shoulder grooves from bra straps
- Rashes under the breasts
- Limited comfort during physical activity
- Trouble finding clothing that fits
In certain Canadian cases, breast reduction may qualify as medically necessary. Provincial rules, symptoms, and medical assessment all affect coverage.
Breast Implant Replacement or Removal
Breast implant revision adjusts or replaces existing breast implants. This surgery may address cosmetic concerns, medical concerns, or both.
Breast implant revision may be needed for:
- Wanting smaller or larger implants
- Implant rupture
- Capsular contracture, which is firm scar tissue around an implant
- An implant that has shifted
- Breast asymmetry
- Changes from aging after breast augmentation
- Choosing to remove implants
Implant removal may be combined with a breast lift. Other patients prefer implant replacement with a new size, shape, or placement.
Breast Reconstruction After Cancer Surgery
After mastectomy or lumpectomy, breast reconstruction can rebuild the breast. It may involve implants, natural tissue, or a combination.
Types of breast reconstruction may include:
- Reconstruction using implants
- Flap-based reconstruction
- Nipple-areola reconstruction
- Fat transfer as part of reconstruction
- Revision surgery for symmetry
The choice around breast reconstruction is personal. Some patients want reconstruction. Other people prefer to remain flat. Both options are valid.
Gynecomastia Surgery for Male Breast Reduction
Male breast reduction, also called gynecomastia surgery, treats enlarged male breast tissue. It may include liposuction, gland removal, or both.
Gynecomastia surgery may help with:
- Puffy nipples
- Extra tissue beneath the areola
- Chest tissue fullness
- Male chest asymmetry
- Self-consciousness at the beach, gym, or in fitted shirts
The cause of fullness, whether fat, gland tissue, loose skin, or a mix, guides the best technique.
Body Contouring Plastic Surgery Procedures
Body contouring surgery improves body shape by removing extra skin, reducing stubborn fat, or tightening tissue. Pregnancy, aging, and major weight loss are common reasons people consider body contouring.
Tummy Tuck (Abdominoplasty)
Abdominoplasty, commonly called a tummy tuck, removes extra abdominal skin and tightens the abdominal wall. Separated abdominal muscles, called diastasis recti, can also be repaired during the procedure.
A tummy tuck may address:
- Loose abdominal skin
- A lower stomach apron
- Stretch-marked lower belly skin
- A weakened or separated abdominal wall
- Loose abdominal tissue after pregnancy or weight loss
A tummy tuck is not meant to be a weight-loss procedure. It is best for patients who are near a stable weight and want to improve abdominal shape.
Liposuction for Body Contouring
Localized fat can be removed with liposuction using a thin tube called a cannula. It is used for body contouring rather than general weight loss.
Liposuction may be used on areas such as:
- Abdomen
- Side waist areas, often called love handles
- Outer hip area
- Thigh areas
- Upper arm area
- The back
- Chin and neck
- Chest
- Fat around the knees
Good skin elasticity helps improve results. Loose skin may limit what liposuction alone can achieve. In that case, skin removal surgery may be needed.
Mommy Makeover Surgery
Body changes after pregnancy, breastfeeding, or weight change may be treated with a custom mommy makeover plan. It often includes both breast and abdominal procedures.
Common mommy makeover procedures include:
- Tummy tuck surgery
- Breast lift
- A breast augmentation procedure
- Reduction mammoplasty
- Liposuction
- Fat grafting
The name “mommy makeover” can be misleading because similar body changes can affect many patients. The procedure can apply to anyone with similar body concerns. A safe plan depends on the patient’s health, goals, recovery learn more about it time, and plans for future pregnancy.
Upper Arm Lift Procedure
An arm lift or brachioplasty improves upper arm shape by removing loose skin.
Arm lift surgery can help improve:
- Loose skin along the upper arms
- Extra skin after major weight loss
- Aging-related arm laxity
- Feeling uncomfortable in sleeveless tops
- Skin rubbing or irritation
Arm lift surgery leaves a scar along the inner or back part of the arm. The scar may be worthwhile for patients who want better arm shape, but it should be reviewed carefully.
Thigh Lift Surgery
A thigh lift removes extra loose skin from the thighs. Many patients choose it after major weight loss.
Patients may consider a thigh lift for:
- Extra inner thigh skin
- Rubbing in the inner thighs
- Difficulty fitting pants
- A heavy feeling from extra skin
- Loose thigh skin after bariatric surgery or weight loss
There are several thigh lift patterns. The best thigh lift pattern depends on skin amount and the location of the looseness.
Body Contouring Lift
Body lift surgery is used to remove loose skin around the lower body. Body lift surgery can reshape the abdomen, hips, outer thighs, buttocks, and lower back.
Common reasons for body lift surgery include:
- A major weight change
- Bariatric surgery
- Changes in body shape after pregnancy
- Age-related skin laxity
Because it is a larger surgery, recovery takes more time. A stable weight and good overall health are important before body lift surgery.
Body Contouring With Fat Transfer
Fat can be moved from one body area to another with fat grafting. Fat grafting can add natural volume or refine body contour.
Common treatment areas include:
- The breasts
- The buttocks
- The hips
- Facial volume
- Surface irregularities after surgery or injury
Fat grafting is natural in the sense that it uses your own tissue, but not all of the fat remains long term. The result can shift over time, and some patients may need more than one session.
Skin, Scar, and Surface Procedures
Skin surface concerns, scars, and soft tissue problems may also be treated with plastic surgery.
Scar Revision Surgery
Scar revision surgery is used to improve how a scar looks or feels. Scar revision cannot guarantee an erased scar, but it may make the scar less raised, tight, wide, or visible.
Scar revision surgery can help improve:
- Surgery-related scars
- Scars from injury
- Burn injury scars
- Scars that feel thick
- Restrictive scars
- Scars that limit movement
Treatment may include surgery, copyright injections, laser treatment, silicone therapy, or a combination.
Skin Lesion Removal Procedures
Plastic surgeons often remove benign skin lesions, cysts, moles, and lumps when a careful closure is important. Some lesions require medical assessment to rule out skin cancer.
Removal may be considered for:
- Skin irritation
- A lesion that is getting larger
- Bleeding or crusting
- Cosmetic reasons
- Medical diagnosis
- Improved comfort
If a mole changes or a skin lesion looks suspicious, it should be assessed by a qualified medical professional.
Skin Cancer Reconstruction Procedures
Skin cancer reconstruction can help close the treated area and restore appearance after cancer removal. Common areas include the face, nose, eyelids, ears, lips, scalp, and hands.
Skin cancer reconstruction can involve:
- Direct surgical closure
- A skin graft
- Local tissue flaps
- More advanced reconstruction
The priority is safe cancer removal, with function and appearance preserved as much as possible.
Non-Surgical Cosmetic Procedures
Some patients can meet their goals without surgery. Non-surgical cosmetic treatments can help with early signs of aging, facial lines, volume loss, and skin quality. These treatments usually involve less downtime, but results are more temporary.
BOTOX and Neuromodulators
BOTOX and similar neuromodulators are used to relax targeted facial muscles. They are often used for expression lines.
Common neuromodulator treatment areas include:
- Frown lines between the brows
- Forehead lines
- Eye-area smile lines
- Lines on the sides of the nose
- Dimpling in the chin
- Neck bands for some patients
Neuromodulator results are temporary, so maintenance appointments are often part of the plan. A natural neuromodulator result should look softer and rested, not stiff or frozen.
Hyaluronic Acid Fillers
Dermal fillers can restore or add volume. Many dermal fillers are made with hyaluronic acid, a gel-like substance used to shape and support soft tissue.
Common filler areas include:
- Lip volume
- Midface fullness
- Chin shape
- Jawline contour
- Hollowing under the eyes
- Lines from the nose to the mouth
- Marionette lines
Product choice, technique, anatomy, and goals all affect filler results. Overfilling can look unnatural, so conservative planning is important.
Chemical Peels for Skin Texture and Tone
The outer layers of skin can be improved with a chemical peel using a controlled solution.
Chemical peels may address:
- Uneven colour
- Tired-looking skin
- Mild lines
- Sun-damaged skin
- Mild marks from acne
- Skin texture concerns
Chemical peels can range from light treatments to deeper treatments. Downtime depends on how strong the peel is.
Laser, IPL, and Radiofrequency Skin Treatments
Laser and energy-based treatments may improve skin tone, redness, texture, hair growth, scars, and signs of aging.
Common options may include:
- Laser skin resurfacing
- Intense pulsed light (IPL)
- Radiofrequency-based treatments
- Energy-based skin tightening
- Laser hair removal or reduction
- Vascular lasers for visible redness
The right laser or energy treatment depends on skin type, skin tone, and the concern. This is especially important for patients with darker skin tones, where pigment changes can be a risk.
Skin Resurfacing With Dermabrasion and Microdermabrasion
Dermabrasion is a deeper resurfacing procedure that removes outer skin layers. Microdermabrasion is lighter and more surface-level.
Patients may consider these treatments for:
- Skin texture
- Mild scarring
- Tired-looking skin
- Uneven skin feel
- Fine surface lines
The right option depends on skin quality, goals, downtime, and risk tolerance.
How Patients Can Choose the Best Procedure
A good plastic surgery plan starts by identifying the concern instead of choosing a procedure name first. Sometimes patients come in wanting one treatment, but another procedure is a better match for their anatomy.
For instance:
- A heavy upper eyelid look may come from extra eyelid skin, brow descent, or both.
- Loose skin, neck bands, fat, or chin position may cause a soft jawline.
- A full abdomen may be caused by fat, loose skin, muscle separation, or internal weight.
- A flat breast appearance may require a lift, implants, fat grafting, or combined treatment.
- Under-eye bags may be caused by fat pads, hollowing, skin laxity, or pigmentation.
A strong treatment plan should answer three questions:
- What anatomy is causing the issue?
- Which procedure best treats that cause?
- What are the trade-offs of that option?
These trade-offs may include scars, downtime, swelling, cost, maintenance, and possible complications.
Common Patient Concerns Before Plastic Surgery
Mixed feelings are normal before a plastic surgery procedure. Excitement is common, but nervousness is common too. It is normal to worry about safety, pain, scars, recovery, cost, and whether the result will look natural.
“Will Plastic Surgery Change My Face Too Much?”
This concern comes up often. The goal for many people is to look refreshed while still looking like themselves. A natural result should match your facial features, body frame, age, and personal style.
For many patients, the goal is better balance, not a perfect or unrealistic look.
“How Long Does Plastic Surgery Recovery Take?”
The recovery period depends on which procedure is done. Non-surgical options often involve minimal downtime. Procedures such as tummy tuck, body lift, or mommy makeover usually need more recovery planning.
Plastic surgery recovery often involves:
- Swelling and bruising
- Reduced activity
- Time away from work
- Appointments after surgery
- Post-surgery scar care
- Careful return to exercise
- Final results that take time to settle
The body needs time to heal. Many procedures improve over weeks and months.
“Will There Be Scars?”
A scar forms whenever an incision is made. Surgeons aim to place scars carefully and support good healing.
Many factors affect scar quality, including:
- Your genetics
- Natural skin tone
- Surgical procedure type
- Scar location
- Tension along the incision
- Whether you smoke
- Exposure to the sun
- Post-surgery aftercare
Scars usually fade with time, but they do not disappear completely.
“What Are the Risks of Plastic Surgery?”
All surgery has risk. Patients should understand possible risks such as bleeding, infection, poor scarring, anesthesia issues, asymmetry, delayed healing, numbness, fluid buildup, and dissatisfaction.
Safety is influenced by:
- Your health
- Your current medications
- Use of tobacco or nicotine
- Which surgery is performed
- The surgical facility
- The anesthesia approach
- The training and experience of the surgeon
- Your follow-up care
During consultation, patients should learn about benefits, risks, alternatives, and realistic expectations.
Canadian Plastic Surgery Considerations
Canadian plastic surgery is regulated through medical licensing, provincial colleges, hospital systems, surgical facilities, and professional standards. Understanding medical credentials is important because marketing terms can be confusing.
Choosing a Qualified Plastic Surgeon
When researching plastic surgery in Canada, patients should look for proper training and credentials. A plastic surgeon should have medical training, surgical training, and certification in plastic surgery.
Before choosing a surgeon, patients can ask:
- Are you certified in plastic surgery?
- Are you licensed to practise medicine in this province?
- Do you commonly perform this type of surgery?
- Where is the procedure performed?
- Who is responsible for anesthesia care?
- What are the risks for my specific case?
- How are complications handled?
- How many follow-up appointments are included?
- Can I see examples of similar cases?
This is not about being demanding. It is about making an informed choice.
What Affects Plastic Surgery Fees in Canada
The cost of cosmetic surgery in Canada can vary a lot. Many factors affect pricing, including procedure complexity, surgeon experience, anesthesia, facility fees, implants or devices, garments, follow-up care, and location.
Overhead and demand may increase fees in major Canadian centres such as Vancouver, Toronto, Calgary, Edmonton, Ottawa, and Montreal. Costs may vary in smaller Canadian cities, but price should not outweigh safety, training, and follow-up care.
A very low price may be a warning sign if safety, training, facility standards, or aftercare are being reduced.
Medical Tourism Compared With Plastic Surgery in Canada
Travelling abroad for lower-cost plastic surgery is something some Canadians consider. This may seem appealing, but there are added risks to consider.
Concerns with medical tourism may include:
- Limited post-surgery follow-up
- Travel soon after surgery
- Risk of infection
- Different health care standards
- Difficulty accessing medical records
- Difficulty managing complications back in Canada
- Possible language barriers
- Unexpected revision costs
When surgery is done closer to home, follow-up may be easier if concerns or complications occur.
Preparing for a Plastic Surgery Consultation
A consultation gives you the chance to learn what is possible, safe, and realistic. It should not feel rushed or high-pressure.
It helps to prepare before your consultation:
- Write down your main concerns.
- Bring details about prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and supplements.
- Be ready to share your medical history.
- Share whether you smoke, vape, use cannabis, or use nicotine.
- If photos make your goals clearer, bring them to the consultation.
- Make sure you ask about recovery time, scars, risks, and alternatives.
- Talk about realistic results based on your body or face.
A helpful consultation should explain your options clearly. Sometimes the best advice is to wait, choose a smaller treatment, improve health first, or avoid surgery.
Good Candidates for Plastic Surgery
Plastic surgery candidates should usually be healthy, informed, and realistic. Realistic patients understand that surgery can help appearance, but it cannot make life perfect or solve every issue.
Plastic surgery may be appropriate if:
- You are in good general health
- Your goals are based on a clear concern
- You are near a stable weight for body procedures
- You do not smoke, or you can stop before and after surgery
- You know what to expect during recovery
- You understand and accept the trade-offs
- Your decision is for you, not someone else
- Your goals are realistic
Surgery may need to wait if you are pregnant, planning major weight loss, using nicotine, managing an unstable medical condition, or feeling pressured by another person.
Planning More Than One Plastic Surgery Procedure
Some procedures can be combined safely. Some procedures are safer when staged. Combining procedures may reduce total recovery time, but it may also increase surgical time and healing demands.
Examples of combined procedures include:
- A facelift with a neck lift
- Eyelid surgery with a brow lift
- Rhinoplasty with chin surgery
- Breast lift with breast augmentation
- Tummy tuck and liposuction
- Breast and body procedures in a mommy makeover
- Combining body lift with arm or thigh surgery
- Facial surgery with fat grafting
The right approach depends on the patient’s health, how long the procedure takes, anesthesia, recovery support, and overall risk.
Understanding Your Plastic Surgery Options in Canada
Canadian plastic surgery includes both cosmetic and reconstructive procedures. Some options are designed to refine facial, breast, or body shape. Others help repair tissue after cancer, injury, burns, or medical conditions. Wrinkles, volume loss, skin texture, and early aging changes may also be improved with non-surgical treatments.
The best procedure is not always the procedure people ask about first. A good procedure choice fits the patient’s anatomy, goals, health, and comfort level.
The strongest treatment plan should focus on safety, natural-looking results, clear expectations, and proper follow-up care. If you are considering eyelid surgery, rhinoplasty, breast augmentation, tummy tuck, liposuction, facelift surgery, or reconstructive plastic surgery, start by learning what each option can and cannot do.